Ïåðåâåë ñòàòüþ î "AncientOrigins"
Ancient European OriginsThe European Continent has been witness to many episodes of human migration, some of which have spanned over thousands of years. The most up-to-date research into these ancient migrations on the European Continent suggests that there were three major groups of people that have had a lasting effect on present day peoples of European descent: Hunter-Gatherers, Early Farmers, and Metal Age Invaders. The graphics below display the percentages of autosomal DNA that you still carry from these ancient European groups. You can click on these graphics to display more information.
METAL AGE INVADERFollowing the Neolithic Era (New Stone Age), the Bronze Age (3,000–1,000 BCE) is defined by a further iteration in tool making technology. Improving on the stone tools from the Paleolithic and Neolithic Eras, tool makers of the early Bronze Age relied heavily on the use of copper tools, incorporating other metals such as bronze and tin later in the era. The third major wave of migration into the European continent is comprised of peoples from this Bronze Age; specifically, Nomadic herding cultures from the Eurasian steppes found north of the Black Sea. These migrants were closely related to the people of the Black Sea region known as the Yamnaya.
This migration of Asian Steppe nomads into the temperate regions further west changed culture and life on the European continent in a multitude of ways. Not only did the people of the Yamnaya culture bring their domesticated horses, wheeled vehicles, and metal tools; they are also credited for delivering changes to the social and genetic makeup of the region. By 2,800 BCE, evidence of new Bronze Age cultures, such as the Bell Beaker and Corded Ware, were emerging throughout much of Western and Central Europe. In the East around the Urals, a group referred to as the Sintashta emerged, expanding east of the Caspian Sea bringing with them chariots and trained horses around 4,000 years ago.
These new cultures formed through admixture between the local European farming cultures and the newly arrived Yamnaya peoples. Research into the influence the Yamnaya culture had on the European continent has also challenged previously held linguistic theories of the origins of Indo-European language. Previous paradigms argued that the Indo-European languages originated from populations from Anatolia; however, present research into the Yamnaya cultures has caused a paradigm shift and linguists now claim the Indo-European languages are rooted with the Yamnaya peoples.
By the Bronze Age, the Y-chromosome haplogroup R1b was quickly gaining dominance in Western Europe (as we see today) with high frequencies of individuals belonging to the M269 subclade. Ancient DNA evidence supports the hypothesis that the R1b was introduced into mainland Europe by the Asian Steppe invaders coming from the Black Sea region. Further DNA evidence suggests that a lactose tolerance originated from the Yamnaya or another closely tied steppe group. Current day populations in Northern Europe typically show a higher frequency of relatedness to Yamnaya populations, as well as earlier populations of Western European Hunter-Gatherer societies.
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HUNTER-GATHERERThe climate during the Pleistocene Epoch (2.6 mill – 11,700 YA) fluctuated between episodes of glaciation (or ice ages) and episodes of warming, during which glaciers would retreat. It is within this epoch that modern humans migrated into the European continent at around 45,000 years ago. These Anatomically Modern Humans (AMH) were organized into bands whose subsistence strategy relied on gathering local resources as well as hunting large herd animals as they travelled along their migration routes. Thus these ancient peoples are referred to as Hunter-Gatherers. The timing of the AMH migration into Europe happens to correspond with a warming trend on the European continent, a time when glaciers retreated and large herd animals expanded into newly available grasslands.
Evidence of hunter-gatherer habitation has been found throughout the European continent from Spain at the La Brana cave to Loschbour, Luxembourg and Motala, Sweden. The individuals found at the Loschbour and Motala sites have mitochondrial U5 or U2 haplogroups, which is typical of Hunter-Gatherers in Europe and Y-chromosome haplogroup I. These findings suggest that these maternally and paternally inherited haplogroups, respectively, were present in the population before farming populations gained dominance in the area.
Based on the DNA evidence gathered from these three sites, scientists are able to identify surviving genetic similarities between current day Northern European populations and the first AMH Hunter-Gatherers in Europe. The signal of genetic sharing between present-day populations and early Hunter-Gatherers, however, begins to become fainter as one moves further south in Europe. The hunter-gatherer subsistence strategy dominated the landscape of the European continent for thousands of years until populations that relied on farming and animal husbandry migrated into the area during the middle to late Neolithic Era around 8,000–7,000 years ago.
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FARMERRoughly 8,000–7,000 years ago, after the last glaciation period (Ice Age), modern human farming populations began migrating into the European continent from the Near East. This migration marked the beginning of the Neolithic Era in Europe. The Neolithic Era, or New Stone Age, is aptly named as it followed the Paleolithic Era, or Old Stone Age. Tool makers during the Neolithic Era had improved on the rudimentary “standard” of tools found during the Paleolithic Era and were now creating specialized stone tools that even show evidence of having been polished and reworked. The Neolithic Era is unique in that it is the first era in which modern humans practiced a more sedentary lifestyle as their subsistence strategies relied more on stationary farming and pastoralism, further allowing for the emergence of artisan practices such as pottery making.
Farming communities are believed to have migrated into the European continent via routes along Anatolia, thereby following the temperate weather patterns of the Mediterranean. These farming groups are known to have populated areas that span from modern day Hungary, Germany, and west into Spain. Remains of the unique pottery styles and burial practices from these farming communities are found within these regions and can be attributed, in part, to artisans from the Funnel Beaker and Linear Pottery cultures. Ötzi (the Tyrolean Iceman), the well-preserved natural mummy that was found in the Alps on the Italian/Austrian border and who lived around 3,300 BCE, is even thought to have belonged to a farming culture similar to these. However, there was not enough evidence found with him to accurately suggest to which culture he may have belonged.
Although farming populations were dispersed across the European continent, they all show clear evidence of close genetic relatedness. Evidence suggests that these farming peoples did not yet carry a tolerance for lactose in high frequencies (as the Yamnaya peoples of the later Bronze Age did); however, they did carry a salivary amylase gene, which may have allowed them to break down starches more efficiently than their hunter-gatherer forebears. Further DNA analysis has found that the Y-chromosome haplogroup G2a and mitochondrial haplogroup N1a were frequently found within the European continent during the early Neolithic Era.
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NON-EUROPEANMost of the world is not of European descent and alternatively, have genetic contributions from influential and significant populations for which we currently do not have enough scientific data. For this reason, those whose ancestral makeup is of non-European descent cannot be grouped into these three particular ancient European categories. As more significant DNA evidence is found in other regions of the world, we will work to continue to connect the ancient with the present in our effort to further our understanding of the interconnectedness between us all. To explore your non-European origins, please see your myOrigins results.
Äðåâíåå åâðîïåéñêîå ïðîèñõîæäåíèåÅâðîïåéñêèé Êîíòèíåíò ÿâëÿåòñÿ ñâèäåòåëåì ìíîãèõ ýïèçîäîâ ÷åëîâå÷åñêîé ìèãðàöèè, à íåêîòîðûå èç íèõ äëèëèñü áîëåå òûñÿ÷è ëåò. Ñàìûå ïîñëåäíèå èññëåäîâàíèÿ ýòèõ äðåâíèõ ìèãðàöèé íà åâðîïåéñêîì êîíòèíåíòå ñâèäåòåëüñòâóþò î òîì, ÷òî ñóùåñòâîâàëè òðè îñíîâíûå ãðóïïû ëþäåé, êîòîðûå îêàçàëè äëèòåëüíîå âîçäåéñòâèå íà ñîâðåìåííûå íàðîäû åâðîïåéñêîãî ïðîèñõîæäåíèÿ: îõîòíèêè-ñîáèðàòåëè, ðàííèå çåìëåäåëüöû, à òàêæå çàâîåâàòåëè ìåäíîãî, áðîíçîâîãî è æåëåçíîãî âåêà. Íà ïðèâåäåííûõ íèæå äèàãðàììàõ ïîêàçàíû ïðîöåíòíûå äîëè àóòîñîìíîé ÄÍÊ, êîòîðûå âû èìååòå îò òåõ äðåâíèõ åâðîïåéñêèõ ãðóïï. Âû ìîæåòå íàæàòü íà ýòè äèàãðàììû äëÿ îòîáðàæåíèÿ äîïîëíèòåëüíîé èíôîðìàöèè.
ÇÀÂÎÅÂÀÒÅËÈ ÌÅÄÍÎÃÎ, ÁÐÎÍÇÎÂÎÃÎ È ÆÅËÅÇÍÎÃÎ ÂÅÊÀÏîñëå ýïîõè íåîëèòà (íîâûé êàìåííûé âåê) áðîíçîâûé âåê (3000–1000 ãã. äî í. ý.) îïðåäåëÿåòñÿ äàëüíåéøåé èòåðàöèåé â òåõíîëîãèè èçãîòîâëåíèÿ îðóäèé òðóäà. Ñîâåðøåíñòâóÿñü íà êàìåííûõ îðóäèÿõ òðóäà îò ïàëåîëèòà äî íåîëèòà, ðåìåñëåííèêè ðàííåãî áðîíçîâîãî âåêà â çíà÷èòåëüíîé ñòåïåíè îïèðàëèñü íà èñïîëüçîâàíèå ìåäíûõ îðóäèé òðóäà, âêëþ÷àÿ îðóäèÿ èç äðóãèõ ìåòàëëîâ, êàê áðîíçà è îëîâî â áîëåå ïîçäíþþ ýïîõó. Òðåòüÿ êðóïíàÿ âîëíà ìèãðàöèè íà åâðîïåéñêèé êîíòèíåíò ñîñòîèò èç íàðîäîâ ýòîãî áðîíçîâîãî âåêà, â ÷àñòíîñòè, êî÷åâûõ ñêîòîâîä÷åñêèõ êóëüòóð èç åâðàçèéñêèõ ñòåïåé, íàéäåííûõ ñåâåðíåå ×åðíîãî ìîðÿ. Ýòè ìèãðàíòû áûëè òåñíî ñâÿçàíû ñ æèòåëÿìè ×åðíîìîðñêîãî ðåãèîíà, èçâåñòíûìè êàê ßìíàÿ êóëüòóðà.
Ýòà ìèãðàöèÿ àçèàòñêèõ ñòåïíûõ êî÷åâíèêîâ â çàïàäíûå ðåãèîíû ñ óìåðåííûì êëèìàòîì èçìåíèëà êóëüòóðó è áûò íà åâðîïåéñêîì êîíòèíåíòå ìíîæåñòâîì ñïîñîáîâ. Æèòåëè ßìíîé êóëüòóðû ïðèíåñëè ñþäà íå òîëüêî ñâîèõ îäîìàøíåííûõ ëîøàäåé, êîëåñíóþ òåõíèêó è ìåòàëëè÷åñêèå îðóäèÿ òðóäà, íî è âíåñëè èçìåíåíèÿ â ñîöèàëüíûé è ãåíåòè÷åñêèé ñîñòàâ ðåãèîíà. Ê 2800 ãîäó äî í. ý. íà áîëüøåé ÷àñòè Çàïàäíîé è Öåíòðàëüíîé Åâðîïû ïîÿâèëèñü ñâèäåòåëüñòâà íîâûõ êóëüòóð ýïîõè áðîíçû, òàêèõ, êàê êîëîêîëîâèäíûõ êóáêîâ è øíóðîâîé êåðàìèêè. Íà Âîñòîêå âîêðóã Óðàëà îêîëî 4000 ëåò íàçàä âîçíèêëà ãðóïïà, èìåíóåìàÿ ñèíòàøòèíñêàÿ, êîòîðàÿ ðàñøèðÿëàñü ê âîñòîêó îò Êàñïèéñêîãî ìîðÿ, ïðèíîñÿ ñ ñîáîé êîëåñíèöû è îáó÷åííûõ ëîøàäåé.
Ýòè íîâûå êóëüòóðû ôîðìèðîâàëèñü ÷åðåç ñìåøèâàíèå ìåñòíûõ åâðîïåéñêèõ çåìëåäåëü÷åñêèõ êóëüòóð è íîâîïðèáûâøèõ ßìíûõ íàðîäîâ. Èññëåäîâàíèå âëèÿíèÿ ßìíîé êóëüòóðû íà åâðîïåéñêèé êîíòèíåíò òàêæå îñïàðèâàåò ðàíåå ñîçäàííûå ëèíãâèñòè÷åñêèå òåîðèè ïðîèñõîæäåíèÿ èíäîåâðîïåéñêîãî ÿçûêà. Ïðåäûäóùèå ïàðàäèãìû óòâåðæäàëè, ÷òî èíäîåâðîïåéñêèå ÿçûêè ïðîèçîøëè îò íàñåëåíèÿ Àíàòîëèè; îäíàêî íûíåøíèå èññëåäîâàíèÿ ßìíîé êóëüòóðû âûçâàëè ñäâèã ïàðàäèãìû, è òåïåðü ëèíãâèñòû óòâåðæäàþò, ÷òî èíäîåâðîïåéñêèå ÿçûêè èìåþò êîðåíü â íàðîäàõ ßìíîé êóëüòóðû.
Ê áðîíçîâîìó âåêó Y-õðîìîñîìíàÿ ãàïëîãðóïïà R1b áûñòðî çàâîåâûâàëà äîìèíèðîâàíèå â Çàïàäíîé Åâðîïå (êàê ìû âèäèì ñåãîäíÿ) ñ âûñîêèìè ÷àñòîòàìè îñîáåé, ïðèíàäëåæàùèõ ê ïîäêëàññó M269. Äðåâíèå äîêàçàòåëüñòâà ÄÍÊ ïîäòâåðæäàþò ãèïîòåçó î òîì, ÷òî R1b áûëà ïðèíåñåíà â êîíòèíåíòàëüíóþ Åâðîïó àçèàòñêèìè ñòåïíûìè çàâîåâàòåëÿìè èç ×åðíîìîðñêîãî ðåãèîíà. Äàëüíåéøèå äàííûå ÄÍÊ ñâèäåòåëüñòâóþò î òîì, ÷òî ïåðåíîñèìîñòü ëàêòîçû âîçíèêëà èç ßìíîé èëè äðóãîé ñòåïíîé ãðóïïû, òåñíî ñâÿçàííîé ñ ïîñëåäíåé.  íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ íàñåëåíèå Ñåâåðíîé Åâðîïû, êàê ïðàâèëî, äåìîíñòðèðóåò áîëåå âûñîêóþ ÷àñòîòó ðîäñòâà ñ íàðîäàìè ßìíîé êóëüòóðû, à òàêæå ñ áîëåå ðàííèìè ïîïóëÿöèÿìè çàïàäíîåâðîïåéñêèõ îáùèí îõîòíèêîâ-ñîáèðàòåëåé.
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ÎÕÎÒÍÈÊÈ-ÑÎÁÈÐÀÒÅËÈÊëèìàò íà ïðîòÿæåíèè ýïîõè Ïëåéñòîöåíà (2,6 ìëí – 11 700 ëåò) êîëåáàëñÿ ìåæäó ýïèçîäàìè îëåäåíåíèÿ (èëè ëåäíèêîâûìè ïåðèîäàìè) è ýïèçîäàìè ïîòåïëåíèÿ, âî âðåìÿ êîòîðûõ ëåäíèêè îòñòóïàëè. Èìåííî â ýòó ýïîõó ëþäè ñîâðåìåííîãî òèïà ìèãðèðîâàëè íà åâðîïåéñêèé êîíòèíåíò îêîëî 45 000 ëåò íàçàä. Ýòè íåîàíòðîïû áûëè îðãàíèçîâàíû â ãðóïïû, ÷üÿ ñòðàòåãèÿ æèçíåäåÿòåëüíîñòè îñíîâûâàëàñü íà ñáîðå ìåñòíûõ ïðèðîäíûõ ðàñòåíèé, à òàêæå íà îõîòå çà êðóïíûìè ñòàäíûìè æèâîòíûìè, êîãäà îíè ïóòåøåñòâîâàëè ïî ñâîèì ìèãðàöèîííûì ìàðøðóòàì. Òàêèì îáðàçîì, ýòè äðåâíèå ëþäè íàçûâàþòñÿ îõîòíèêàìè-ñîáèðàòåëÿìè. Âðåìÿ ìèãðàöèè íåîàíòðîïîâ â Åâðîïó ñîîòâåòñòâóåò ïåðèîäó ïîòåïëåíèÿ íà åâðîïåéñêîì êîíòèíåíòå, âðåìåíè, êîãäà ëåäíèêè îòñòóïèëè, à êðóïíûå ñòàäíûå æèâîòíûå ðàñïðîñòðàíèëèñü íà íîâûå ëóãà.
Ñâèäåòåëüñòâà îáèòàíèÿ îõîòíèêà-ñîáèðàòåëÿ áûëè íàéäåíû ïî âñåìó åâðîïåéñêîìó êîíòèíåíòó: îò ïåùåðû Ëà-Áðàíà â Èñïàíèè äî Ëîøáóðà â Ëþêñåìáóðãå è Ìóòàëû â Øâåöèè. Ó îñîáåé, îáíàðóæåííûõ íà òåððèòîðèÿõ Ëîøáóðà è Ìóòàëû, åñòü ìèòîõîíäðèàëüíûå ãàïëîãðóïïû U5 èëè U2, ÷òî õàðàêòåðíî äëÿ îõîòíèêîâ-ñîáèðàòåëåé â Åâðîïå è Y-õðîìîñîìíîé ãàïëîãðóïïû I. Ýòè äàííûå ñâèäåòåëüñòâóþò î òîì, ÷òî ýòè óíàñëåäîâàííûå ìàòåðèíñêèå è îòöîâñêèå ãàïëîãðóïïû, ñîîòâåòñòâåííî, ïðèñóòñòâîâàëè â íàñåëåíèè äî òîãî, êàê çåìëåäåëüöû ñòàëè äîìèíèðîâàòü â ýòîì ðåãèîíå.
Íà îñíîâå äàííûõ ÄÍÊ, ñîáðàííûõ â òåõ òðåõ ìåñòàõ, ó÷åíûå ìîãóò îïðåäåëèòü ñîõðàíèâøèåñÿ ãåíåòè÷åñêèå ñõîäñòâà ìåæäó íûíåøíèìè ïîïóëÿöèÿìè Ñåâåðíîé Åâðîïû è ïåðâûìè îõîòíèêàìè-ñîáèðàòåëÿìè ñîâðåìåííîãî àíòðîïîëîãè÷åñêîãî òèïà â Åâðîïå. Îäíàêî ñèãíàë î ãåíåòè÷åñêîì îáìåíå ìåæäó íûíåøíèì íàñåëåíèåì è ðàííèìè îõîòíèêàìè-ñîáèðàòåëÿìè ñëàáååò ïî ìåðå òîãî, êàê ÷åëîâåê ïðîäâèãàåòñÿ äàëüøå íà þã Åâðîïû. Ñòðàòåãèÿ æèçíåäåÿòåëüíîñòè îõîòíèêîâ-ñîáèðàòåëåé äîìèíèðîâàëà íàä ëàíäøàôòîì åâðîïåéñêîãî êîíòèíåíòà â òå÷åíèå òûñÿ÷ ëåò, ïîêà ïîïóëÿöèè, êîòîðûå ïîëàãàëèñü íà çåìëåäåëèå è æèâîòíîâîäñòâî, íå ìèãðèðîâàëè â ýòîò ðåãèîí â ïåðèîä îò ñåðåäèíû äî êîíöà íåîëèòà îêîëî 8 000-7 000 ëåò íàçàä.
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ÇÅÌËÅÄÅËÜÖÛÏðèìåðíî 8 000-7 000 ëåò íàçàä, ïîñëå ïîñëåäíåãî ïåðèîäà îëåäåíåíèÿ (ëåäíèêîâîãî ïåðèîäà), ëþäè ñîâðåìåííîãî òèïà íà÷àëè ìèãðèðîâàòü íà åâðîïåéñêèé êîíòèíåíò ñ Áëèæíåãî Âîñòîêà. Ýòà ìèãðàöèÿ ïîëîæèëà íà÷àëî ýïîõå íåîëèòà â Åâðîïå. Íåîëèòè÷åñêàÿ ýïîõà, èëè íîâûé êàìåííûé âåê, íàçâàíà òàê ïîòîìó, òàê êàê îíà ñëåäóåò çà ýïîõîé ïàëåîëèòà, èëè ñòàðûì êàìåííûì âåêîì. Ðåìåñëåíèêè â ýïîõó íåîëèòà óñîâåðøåíñòâîâàëè ðóäèìåíòàðíûé "ñòàíäàðò" îðóäèé òðóäà, íàéäåííûõ â ýïîõó ïàëåîëèòà, è òåïåðü ñîçäàâàëè ñïåöèàëèçèðîâàííûå êàìåííûå îðóäèÿ òðóäà, êîòîðûå äàæå ñâèäåòåëüñòâóþò î òîì, ÷òî îíè áûëè îòïîëèðîâàíû è ïåðåäåëàíû. Íåîëèòè÷åñêàÿ ýïîõà óíèêàëüíà òåì, ÷òî ýòî ïåðâàÿ ýïîõà, â êîòîðîé ëþäè ñîâðåìåííîãî òèïà ïðàêòèêîâàëè áîëåå îñåäëûé îáðàç æèçíè, ïîñêîëüêó èõ ñòðàòåãèè æèçíåäåÿòåëüíîñòè â áîëüøåé ñòåïåíè îïèðàëèñü íà îñåäëîå çåìëåäåëèå è ñêîòîâîäñòâî, ÷òî äàëî óñëîâèÿ äëÿ ñîçäàíèÿ òàêèõ ðåìåñëåííûõ ïðàêòèê, êàê èçãîòîâëåíèå êåðàìèêè.
Ñ÷èòàåòñÿ, ÷òî çåìëåäåëü÷åñêèå îáùèíû ìèãðèðîâàëè íà åâðîïåéñêèé êîíòèíåíò ïî ìàðøðóòàì âäîëü Àíàòîëèè, òåì ñàìûì ñëåäóÿ ïî óìåðåííûì ïîãîäíûì óñëîâèÿì Ñðåäèçåìíîìîðüÿ. Ýòè çåìëåäåëü÷åñêèå ãðóïïû, êàê èçâåñòíî, èìåþò íàñåëåííûå ðàéîíû, êîòîðûå ïðîñòèðàþòñÿ îò ñîâðåìåííîé Âåíãðèè, Ãåðìàíèè íà çàïàä äî Èñïàíèè.  ýòèõ ðåãèîíàõ íàéäåíû îñòàòêè óíèêàëüíûõ ñòèëåé êåðàìèêè è ìåòîäîâ ïîãðåáåíèÿ èç ýòèõ çåìëåäåëü÷åñêèõ îáùèí, êîòîðûå ìîãóò áûòü îòíåñåíû, â ÷àñòíîñòè, ê ðåìåñëåííèêàì êóëüòóð âîðîíêîâèäíûõ êóáêîâ è ëèíåéíî-ëåíòî÷íîé êåðàìèêè. Ýöè (òèðîëüñêèé ëåäÿíîé ÷åëîâåê), õîðîøî ñîõðàíèâøàÿñÿ åñòåñòâåííàÿ ìóìèÿ, êîòîðàÿ áûëà íàéäåíà â Àëüïàõ íà èòàëüÿíñêî-àâñòðèéñêîé ãðàíèöå è êîòîðàÿ æèëà îêîëî 3 300 ã. äî íàøåé ýðû, ñ÷èòàåòñÿ ïðèíàäëåæàùåé ê ïîäîáíîé çåìëåäåëü÷åñêîé êóëüòóðå. Òåì íå ìåíåå, íå áûëî äîñòàòî÷íîãî êîëè÷åñòâà äîêàçàòåëüñòâ, ÷òîáû òî÷íî óêàçàòü, ê êàêîé êóëüòóðå îí, âîçìîæíî, ïðèíàäëåæàë.
Õîòÿ çåìëåäåëü÷åñêèå ïîïóëÿöèè áûëè ðàññåÿíû ïî âñåìó åâðîïåéñêîìó êîíòèíåíòó, âñå îíè äåìîíñòðèðóþò ÷åòêèå äîêàçàòåëüñòâà áëèçêîé ãåíåòè÷åñêîé ñâÿçè. Èìåþùèåñÿ äàííûå ñâèäåòåëüñòâóþò î òîì, ÷òî ýòè çåìëåäåëü÷åñêèå íàðîäû åùå íå ïåðåíîñèëè ëàêòîçó íà âûñîêèõ ÷àñòîòàõ (êàê ýòî äåëàëè æèòåëè ßìíîé êóëüòóðû ïîçäíåãî áðîíçîâîãî âåêà); îäíàêî îíè íîñèëè ãåí ñëþííîé àìèëàçû, êîòîðûé, âîçìîæíî, ïîçâîëèë èì áîëåå ýôôåêòèâíî ðàçðóøàòü êðàõìàëû, ÷åì èõ ïðåäêè îõîòíèêè-ñîáèðàòåëè. Äàëüíåéøèé àíàëèç ÄÍÊ ïîêàçàë, ÷òî Y-õðîìîñîìíàÿ ãàïëîãðóïïà G2a è ìèòîõîíäðèàëüíàÿ ãàïëîãðóïïà N1a ÷àñòî âñòðå÷àëèñü íà åâðîïåéñêîì êîíòèíåíòå â ýïîõó ðàííåãî íåîëèòà.
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ÍÅÅÂÐÎÏÅÉÖÛÁîëüøàÿ ÷àñòü ìèðà íå èìååò åâðîïåéñêîãî ïðîèñõîæäåíèÿ è, íàïðîòèâ, èìååò ãåíåòè÷åñêèé âêëàä îò âàæíûõ è çíà÷èòåëüíûõ ïîïóëÿöèé, äëÿ êîòîðûõ ìû â íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ íå ðàñïîëàãàåì äîñòàòî÷íûìè íàó÷íûìè äàííûìè. Ïî ýòîé ïðè÷èíå òå, ó êîãî ïðåäêè íååâðîïåéñêîãî ïðîèñõîæäåíèÿ, íå ìîãóò áûòü ñãðóïïèðîâàíû â ýòè òðè îòäåëüíûå äðåâíèå åâðîïåéñêèå êàòåãîðèè. Ïî ìåðå òîãî, êàê â äðóãèõ ðåãèîíàõ ìèðà áóäóò îáíàðóæèâàòüñÿ áîëåå âàæíûå äîêàçàòåëüñòâà ÄÍÊ, ìû áóäåì ïðîäîëæàòü ðàáîòó ïî ñâÿçûâàíèþ äðåâíèõ ïðåäêîâ ñ ñîâðåìåííûìè ëþäüìè â íàøèõ ñèëàõ, ñ öåëüþ äàëüíåéøåãî ïîíèìàíèÿ âçàèìîñâÿçè ìåæäó âñåìè íàìè. Äëÿ èçó÷åíèÿ ñâîåãî íååâðîïåéñêîãî ïðîèñõîæäåíèÿ, ïîæàëóéñòà, ïîñìîòðèòå ñâîè ðåçóëüòàòû myOrigins.
