ÐÓÑÑÊÈÉ ÕÀÐÁÈÍ (Harbin Russians...To remember)

nikalya íàïèñàë:

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ðàáîòàëà õóäîæíèêîì ïî òêàíÿì íà íàøåé òåêñòèëüíîé ôàáðèêå. Ìíå ïî÷åìó-òî äóìàåòñÿ ÷òî âûáîð èç-çà áëèçîñòè Ìîñêâû âñåãî 4 ÷àñà åçäû, êàê çíàòü

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Ýòî íå ïðîòèâîðå÷èò, à ìîæåò äîïîëíÿåò îáùóþ êàðòèíó. Äåëî â òîì, ÷òî ã. Èâàíîâî èçäàâíà èçâåñòåí ñâîåé òåêñòèëüíîé ïðîìûøëåííîñòüþ è ðîäñòâåííèöà ðåøèëà âîçìîæíî ïîéìàòü ñðàçó 2 çàéöà, âîçìîæíî èìåëà äî ýòîãî êàêîå-òî îáðàçîâàíèå â ýòîé îáëàñòè èëè èìåëà òàêîå õîááè.

Õîòåë áû âûñêàçàòü íåêîòîðûå ìûñëè ïî ïîâîäó ñèòóàöèè ñ ïåðååçäîì ßêóáîâè÷à Ì.Ï. â 1957 ãîäó èç ÑØÀ â ÑÑÑÐ. Íå âûåçä èç Êèòàÿ, â ÑÑÑÐ, à èìåííî èç äðóãèõ ñòðàí.
Òàêèõ ñëó÷àåâ áûëî ìàëî, íî îíè áûëè. È ìîå ìíåíèå: â ëþáîì ñëó÷àå, ýòî áûë ïîëèòè÷åñêèé ìîìåíò, íó åñòåñòâåííî ñî ñòîðîíû ñîâåòñêèõ âëàñòåé. Ïîêàçàòü âñåì: âîò âèäèòå, äàæå òàì íå âñå áëàãîïîëó÷íî, âîò ëþäè è óåçæàþò. Ñêîðåå âñåãî, ýòî áûë äîãîâîðíÿê: âû åäèòå â ÑÑÑÐ, ìû âàì îáåñïå÷èâàåì ðàáîòó, æèëüå, ó÷åáó âàøèõ äåòåé, êàðüåðó, íèêàêèõ ãîíåíèé íà âàñ íå áóäåò. Îíè â ñâîþ î÷åðåäü íàïðèìåð, äàâàÿ èíòåðâüþ â ãàçåòå èëè íà ðàäèî, ðàññêàçûâàþò ïðî òî «êàê íà Çàïàäå âñå ïëîõî». Êóðèðîâàëè ýòó ðàáîòó, ñêîðåå âñåãî ðàáîòíèêè ÊÃÁ è ïàðòèéíûå îðãàíû.
 ìîåé êíèãå, åñòü òîëüêî äâà òàêèõ ñëó÷àÿ, èç 2049 ôàìèëèé, óïîìÿíóòûõ â èçäàíèè. Êàïëÿ â ìîðå.
Ïåðâûé ñëó÷àé: Ñàðàåâà Àíàñòàñèÿ Ôåäîðîâíà, (ýòîò åå äåâè÷üÿ ôàìèëèÿ): ðîäèëàñü â Áëàãîâåùåíñêå, æèëà â Õàðáèíå, äâàæäû áûëà çàìóæåì.  1957 óåõàëà ÷åðåç Ãîíêîíã â Áðàçèëèþ, ïðîæèëà òàì äî 1959 è ïåðååõàëà â ÑØÀ, â Ñàí-Ôðàíöèñêî.  1962 ãîäó äîáðîâîëüíî óåõàëà ñ ñûíîì â ÑÑÑÐ, â ã. Áàðíàóë Àëòàéñêèé êðàé. Ïîçæå ïåðååõàëà â ã. Ãîðíî-Àëòàéñê. Âñåãäà áûëà ñ æèëüåì è ðàáîòîé. À ñûí åå ðîäèâøèéñÿ â Õàðáèíå â 1942 ãîäó è íèêîãäà íå æèâøèé â Ñîþçå, îêîí÷èë â 1969 Àëòàéñêèé ãîñ. ìåä. èíñòèòóò, ñäåëàë êàðüåðó è ñòàë ãèñòîëîãîì Ãîðíî-Àëòàéñêîé îáëàñòíîé ðåñïóáëèêàíñêîé áîëüíèöû. À â 1996 ãîäó îí ïðîøåë ñïåöèàëèçàöèþ ïî ñâîåé ñïåöèàëüíîñòè â Êàëèôîðíèéñêîé èíñòèòóòå â ÑØÀ, è ÿ äóìàþ, îí ìîã óâèäåòü ðàçíèöó â æèçíè è ðàáîòå ñâîèõ êîëëåã-âðà÷åé â ÑÑÑÐ è â Àìåðèêå.
Âòîðîé ñëó÷àé: Øàìðàé Àëåêñàíäðà Íèêîëàåâíà, â çàìóæ. Ãðàìîëèíà. Îíà æèëà â Õàðáèíå, Øàíõàå, ãäå èìåëà ñâîå àòåëüå äàìñêîé îäåæäû è øëÿï.  1951 óåõàëà â Àâñòðàëèþ ñ ìóæåì. À â ôåâðàëå 1955 ãîäà îíè ïåðååçæàþò â ÑÑÑÐ â ã. Ðèãó. Ñðàçó èì äàþò æèëüå, è 25.03.1955 åå ïðèíèìàþò âðåìåííî âìåñòî çàáîëåâøåé çàêðîéùèöû â Ðèæñêèé äîì ìîäåëåé (ÐÄÌ). À óæå ÷åðåç íåäåëþ çà÷èñëÿþò â øòàò õóäîæíèêîì-ìîäåëüåðîì öåõà ¹ 1 ñ îêëàäîì 835 ðóá. Ðîâíî ÷åðåç íåäåëþ îíà óâîëüíÿåòñÿ è ñèäèò ñ ñûíîì, êîòîðûé çàáîëåë êðàñíóõîé. Íî óæå â íîÿáðå ýòîãî æå ãîäà åå îïÿòü ïðèíèìàþò íà ðàáîòó â ýòîò æå äîì ìîäåëåé íà äîëæíîñòü è.î. ãëàâíîãî õóäîæ. ðóêîâîäèòåëÿ ÐÌÄ, à ÷åðåç òðè ìåñÿöà ãëàâíûì õóäîæ. ðóêîâîäèòåëåì è çàì. äèðåêòîðà ÐÌÄ ñ îêëàäîì 1500 ðóá. È äàëåå îíà ñòàíîâèòüñÿ ïîèñòèíå çíàìåíèòîé â Ðèãå è çà åå ïðåäåëàìè, âîçèò ñâîè ðàáîòû â Ìîñêâó è â äðóãèå ãîðîäà ÑÑÑÐ è ìèðà. Áåç ïîääåðæêè îïðåäåëåííûõ îðãàíîâ ãîñ. âëàñòè â ÑÑÑÐ, òàêîé ñòðåìèòåëüíîé êàðüåðû ó íåå áû íå áûëî. Âåäü êòî îíà áûëà, ïðîñòàÿ ýìèãðàíòêà èç Àâñòðàëèè, íèêîìó íå èçâåñòíàÿ. Äà, åùå ê ñëîâó: ïî âîñïîìèíàíèÿì ëþäåé, êòî åå çíàë, îíà ôàêòè÷åñêè íè÷åãî íå ðàññêàçûâàëà ïðî ñâîþ æèçíü â Õàðáèíå, Øàíõàå, Àâñòðàëèè. È çà ãðàíèöó åå íå âûïóñêàþò, äâàæäû îòêàçûâàþ â âèçå. È òîëüêî â 1968 ãîäó îíà âûåçæàåò â Èòàëèþ íà âñòðå÷ó ñî ñâîèì ðîäíûì äÿäåé Èëüåíêî Âèêòîðîì Èâàíîâè÷åì, êîòîðûé æèë â Èòàëèè è ñëóæèë ñâÿùåííèêîì, è òóäà æå ïðèåçæàåò åå ðîäíàÿ ñåñòðà Åâãåíèÿ Íèêîëàåâíà, êîòîðàÿ æèëà â ÑØÀ. Óìåðëà Àëåêñàíäðà Íèêîëàåâíà 12.03.1998 ãîäà â Ðèãå.

Áåëîãâàðäåéöû: Ìîíãîëèÿ- (Êèòàé) ãàíüñó-õóàíõý-øàíõàé, Ïåêèí, òÿíüöçèíü

Àãåíòóðíûå ñîîáùåíèÿ õàðáèíñêîé ðåçèäåíòóðû 1925--1928


Áåæåíñêèé êîìèòåò






Î Õîðâàòå



Î ñîáðàíèè ðóññêîãî ñòóäåí÷åñêîãî îáùåñòâà



Îá îáðàçîâàíèè Çàáàéêàëüñêîé ñòàíèöû

ZYG íàïèñàë:

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Áåëîýìèãðàíò borodishin, â ñèíüöçÿíå(Êèòàÿ
). Åãî óáèëè ãðàáèòåëè â 1937 ãîäó. "Îí ïåë íàðîäíûå ïåñíè ó öàéäàìñêîå îçåðî, ñëåçû ïîòåêëè ïî ùåêàì."

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https://takla-makan.com/tag/borodishin/

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Borodishin, or Borodichine as Ella calls him is the best performing actor in our history. Boro was sergeant in the Russian white army under General Annenkov, who entered China with his decimated troops. After staying with him in the Sinkiang, he decided not to follow him further away (it was a good move, as Annenkov was betrayed by a Chinese warlord Feng Yu-Hsiang, known as the “betrayal general” and also the “Christian general” – I hope that the two appellatives are not related -. Feng returned Annenkov to the Russians, who shot him). They split, and while Annenkov left the Sinking to meet his fate, Borodishin joined the Smigounovs in the Tsaidam.

Two years later, the Smigs left Teijinar with Narim, due to the complex situation of the region, while Borodishin remained in Tsaidam. Was it because he was “on the hills, buying yak’s tails” – as Peter says -, when they departed, and nobody told him? Did he find the Smigs yurt empty when he returned of his journey?

I prefer to think that he stayed in the Qaidam waiting for his wife and his children from who he had lost contact. His letters became abruptly unanswered when his family was already traveling towards the frontier to meet him. Did Boro stayed in the Tsaidam expecting their arrival, knowing if they finally arrive to Teijinar, and he had departed, it will be impossible that they meet again? Probably, as Peter says

He still yearned for them, still (sometimes) had hopes he would see them again

Boro recommends them to avoid the main road, and follow an almost forgotten, barely negotiable path. They will find no guides for this region, and he proposes to go with them until they reach Issik Pakte, twelve marches towards the West. He cannot go further because he had no papers of any sort. And Boro helps them to buy four camels, and to get all the supplies for the march, which is not easy because people in the oasis have an economy of subsistence. They have almost nothing to trade. Boro must travel long distances (people live dispersed) to complete the stock they need.

During the eight days while Boro organizes their departure, Peter and Kini live a relaxed life in the luxurious yurt of the Smigs. Reading, hunting, waiting. Peter killed an antelope, from which she made shashlik on the cleaning rod of the rifle (this is strange, nobody made shashlik there? there had no other metal rod?).

The next day at noon, when the trio Ella, Peter and Boro departed towards Issik Pakte, no Mongol went with them.

Boro was a good fellow, cheerful and a good companion (a “brave homme”, as Kini says)

After something like two weeks they arrived to Issik Pakte, enduring snow storms, being lost without water, and eating samba with melted mutton fat and a little Worcestershire sauce. Once there, Borodishin negotiated with two Turki to guide them through the 12 stages needed to reach Cherchen, and helped them to trade Greys, Peter’s horse, for a young mare, “more amphibian than equine”

And finally, after two days, they parted. Borodishin,

At dawn he left with the Mongol, riding back along the way we had come, hunched on his camel, eternally sucking at his long Chinese pipe, his sad loyal eyes staring across the empty lands before him. As I watched him go I tried not to think in the two grubby yurts at Teijinar, were the redshanks called and he and Wang Sun-Lin took it in turns to go it and fetch fuel, and nothing ever happened

Two years later, he was murdered by bandits. Probably he felt relieved

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Ñâîþ êíèãó î Êîë÷àêå Ïèòåð Ôëåìèíã, áðàò àâòîðà Äæåéìñà Áîíäà, ïîñâÿòèë Ïåòðó Áîðîäèøèíó




Òàéíà åñàóëà Áîðîäèøèíà

https://labas.livejournal.com/784761.html