ÐÓÑÑÊÈÉ ÕÀÐÁÈÍ (Harbin Russians...To remember)

ßïîíñêèå ñòèõè è ïîãîâîðêè î Õàðáèíå

 1898 ãîäó òîëüêî 8 ÿïîíöåâ æèëî â Õôðáèíå. â 1902 ãîäó óæå 512 ÷åëîâåê è èõ ÷èñëî òîëüêî ðàñëî. Ïîñëå ðóññêî-ÿïîíñêîé èîéíû ïîÿâëÿþòñÿ ÿïîíñêèå ïðîìûøëåííûå ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ êàê Êóìàçàâà Òðåéäèíã Êî. Ïåðâàÿ ìèðîâàÿ âîéíà ïðèíîñèò â ãîðîä ÿïîíñêèå áàíêè, ëîìáàðäû, ñòðàõîâûå êàññû. Îíè âêëþ÷àëè â ñåáå îòäåëåíèÿ Ìèòñóè Òðåéäèíã Êî , Èîêîãàìà Ñïåöè Áàíê, ×îñåí Áàíê è Õàðáèí Áàíê ñ ÿïîíñêèì êàïèòàëîì.  1937 ãîäó íà 457.980 æèòåëåé ãîðîäà, , ÿïîíöåâ áûëî 26.347 ÷åëîâåê. Íàïðîòèâ Ñîáîðà ÿïîíöû ïîñòðîèëè ñâîþ ñâÿòûíüþ Øèíòîá ÿïîíñêèå øêîëû. Ðóññêèõ êàê åâðîïåéöåâ ÿïîíöû îïèñûâàëè êàê ñîâñåì áåäíûõ æåðòâ èõ ðåâîëóöèè. Äëÿ ÿïîíöåâ òàê êàê è äðóãèõ àçèÿòîâ âèä åâðîïåéöåâ èñïîëíÿþùèõ ôèçè÷åñêóþ ðàáîòó â ãîñòèíèöàõ, ïî÷èíêå ìàøèí, òàíöîâùèö â âàðüåòå óñèëÿëî ÷óâñòâî ÿïîíöåâ â ïðåâîçõîäñòâå è ñîâðåìåííîñòè ñâÿçàííîé ñ ðàñøèðåíèåì èìïåðèè. Ìíîãèå ðóññêèå áûëè áåäíûìè çàòî ÿïîíöû ïðèåçæûå èëè æèâóùèå â Õàðáèíå æèëè íà âûñîêîì óðîâíå, íåäîñòóïíûì èì äîìà â ßïîíèè. Ìíîãòå òóðèñòû ñ ßïîíèè ïîñåùàëè Õàðáèí ÷òîáû ïî÷óñòâîâàòü ñåáÿ è óâèäåò îñêîëîê Åâðîïû áåç êîìïëåêñîâ áåäíîãî àçèÿòû. Î÷åíü ïîïóëÿðíûå áûëè òóðû ÿïîíñêèõ ìóæ÷èí â ïîèñêàõ ðóññêèõ æåíùèí ëåãêîãî ïîâåäåíèÿ. Äëÿ ìííîãèõ ÿïîíöåâ Õàðáèí áûë ïðîñòî ðàåì íåäîñòèæèìûì â ßïîíèè. Ìíîãèå ñîâðåìåííûå äîñòèæåíèÿ òåõíèêè áûëè äîñòóïíû â ïåðâûõ â Ìàíü÷æóãî à ïîòîì â ßïîíèè. ïîòîìó è òàê õîðîøèå âîñïîìèíàíèÿ ÿïîíöåâ î Õàðáèíå. çäåñü îíè áûëè ãîñïîäàìè è æèëè ëó÷øå ÷åì äîìà.

Harbin is a city a person yearns for, both beautiful and ugly, controlled and free …. like an easy chair when you are tired.
-Nagano Sei’chi, 1938

Harbin, green city of elms
International trains arrive each day
A rainbow bridge between
The flower of Tokyo and the sky of Paris
Take a carriage to Fujiadian
Sweet young girls like pussy willows
Kitaiskaia Street around noon
Dimples on their cheeks
-Yanagida Momotaro, “Ode to Harbin”, 1974

Ice dappled blue vapor
Like an incense offering
The fragrant steam of samovar
Freezes on the window pane
-Morikawa Yuko, 1941

The wind blows over the sorghum fields
Deep in the dewy night
In a far off village a dog barks
The police on the beat protect against the crime
When the police are awake
The people sleep in safety
-ãèìí ïîëèöèè Ìàíü÷æóãî , 1942

Their behavior is truly spooky. They have no fear of in the next world, since they live in hell here and now.
-Goto Reiji ÿïîíñêèé ïîëèöåéñêèé î æèçíè êèòàéöåâ â òðóùîáàõ Ôóäçÿäçÿíà, 1940

People in the Garden of Grand Vision are driven lower and lower in the social order by the pressures of Manchukuo society. They have stopped just one step before destruction.
-Goto Reiji î æèëüöàõ-áîìæàõ Ôóäçÿäçÿíà, 1940

If one does not understand Fujiadian, one can not understand Harbin. If one does not understand Harbin, one cannot understand Manchukuo ; if we do not understand Manchukuo, we cannot govern. We need more Japanese people who can speak Chinese.
-Kagawa Tetsuzo, 1941

Forty years earlier Fujiadian was a grassland. The Fu family came and developed it. It is now home to 400.000 Chinese. A flood of labor came from North China. They came looking for work so they could send money home to their families. Some lost hope. They ended up in Fujiadian
-Goto Reiji,1940

another photo from St Nicholas Lyceum Harbin book

Gul íàïèñàë:

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this is the page the photo in question is from in St Nicholas Lyceum Harbin book by N. Butvillo