zaikasweetÔàìèëèÿ Ñîëòåð ïðîèçîøëà îò íàçâàíèÿ ìåñòå÷êà Ñîëò. Íàïðèìåð, â ÑØÀ åñòü òðè ðåêè ñ íàçâàíèåì Ñîëò, ãîðîä Ñîëò-Ëåéê-ñèòè Èäèøñêîå îêîí÷àíèå «-åð» îáîçíà÷àåò ïðèíàäëåæíîñòü, ïîõîæå íà «-ñêèé» ïî-ðóññêè. Åñòü òðàäèöèÿ â åøèâàõ íàçûâàòü ó÷åíèêîâ ïî ìåñòó èõ ïðîèñõîæäåíèÿ, íàïðèìåð, Ìîñêâåð èëè Ïåòåðáóðãåð. Çíàìåíèòûé ðàââèí ðàâ Èñðîýëü Ëèïêèí, îñíîâàâøèé äâèæåíèå ìóñàð, èçâåñòåí êàê ðàâ Èñðîýëü Ñàëàíòåð, òàê êàê îí ðîäèëñÿ â ìåñòå÷êå Ñàëàíò.
salt [sɔ:lt]
1. n
1) ñîëü, ïîâàðåííàÿ ñîëü;
white salt ïèùåâàÿ ñîëü;
table salt ñòîëîâàÿ ñîëü;
in salt çàñîëåííûé
2) õèì. ñîëü
3) «èçþìèíêà», ïèêàíòíîñòü; îñòðîóìèå
4) pl ìåä. íþõàòåëüíàÿ ñîëü (òæ. smelling salts); ñëàáèòåëüíîå;
Epsom salts àíãëèéñêàÿ ñîëü
5) áûâàëûé ìîðÿê, ìîðñêîé âîëê (÷àñòî old salt)
6) ñîëîíêà
◊ to sit above (below) the salt
à) ñèäåòü íà âåðõíåì (íèæíåì) êîíöå ñòîëà;
á) çàíèìàòü âûñîêîå (âåñüìà ñêðîìíîå) ïîëîæåíèå â îáùåñòâå;
to eat smb.'s salt
à) áûòü ÷üèì-ë. ãîñòåì;
á) áûòü íàõëåáíèêîì ó êîãî-ë.; áûòü â çàâèñèìîì ïîëîæåíèè;
to earn one's salt íå äàðîì åñòü õëåá;
to put salt on smb.'s tail øóòë. íàñûïàòü ñîëè íà õâîñò; èçëîâèòü, ïîéìàòü;
the salt of the earth
à) áèáë. ñîëü çåìëè;
á) ëó÷øèå, äîñòîéíåéøèå ëþäè, ãðàæäàíå;
not worth one's salt íèê÷¸ìíûé, íå ñòîÿùèé òîãî, ÷òîáû åìó ïëàòèëè;
to take a story with a grain of salt îòíåñòèñü ê ðàññêàçó êðèòè÷åñêè, ñ íåäîâåðèåì;
I am not made of salt ≅ íå ñàõàðíûé, íå ðàñòàþ
2. a
1) ñîë¸íûé;
salt as brine (èëè as a herring) î÷åíü ñîë¸íûé; ≅ îäíà ñîëü;
salt water ìîðñêàÿ âîäà; ïåðåí. ñë¸çû
2) çàñîëåííûé
3) ñîëîí÷àêîâûé; ñîëåâûíîñëèâûé
4) æãó÷èé, ãîðüêèé;
salt tears ãîðüêèå ñë¸çû
5) íåïðèëè÷íûé, íåïðèñòîéíûé; «ñîë¸íûé»
6) ñë. ñëèøêîì äîðîãîé
3. v
1) ñîëèòü
2) ñîëèòü, çàñàëèâàòü; êîíñåðâèðîâàòü
3) ïðèäàâàòü îñòðîòó, ïèêàíòíîñòü
salt away, salt down
à) ñîëèòü, çàñàëèâàòü;
á) êîïèòü, îòêëàäûâàòü
◊ to salt a mine èñêóññòâåííî ïîâûñèòü ñîäåðæàíèå ïðîá ñ öåëüþ âûäàòü ðóäíèê çà áîëåå áîãàòûé (ïðè ïðîäàæå)
Ïåðâîå èçâåñòíîå óïîìèíàíèå ôàìèëèè Inger HENDRICSDATTER SOLTER - Female Birth: Before 1592 , , Denmark
http://www.familysearch.org/En...ame=Solterhttp://resources.rootsweb.ance...ame=Solter