Ãîëîä â 1890-õ ãîäàõ
Kalmikov Ñîîáùåíèé: 1260 Íà ñàéòå ñ 2015 ã. Ðåéòèíã: 783
Íàâåðõ ##
13 ÿíâàðÿ 2018 20:36 arcobaleno íàïèñàë:
[q]
À â 1920-30-å íå òîëüêî ïîìîùü íå îêàçûâàëàñü — ãîëîä áûë èñóññòâåííî ñïðîâîöèðîâàí áîëüøåâèêàìè[/q]
â 1920-21 ãîëîä áûë ñïðîâîöèðîâàí íåâèäàííîé çàñóõîé , à âîò Ñîâåòñêîé âëàñòè êàê òàêîâîé åùå ïðàêòè÷åñêè íå áûëî , íå áûëî åùå êàê òàêîâûõ è îðãàíîâ óïðàâëåíèÿ, òîëüêî ÷òî çàêîí÷èëàñü âîéíà, åùå íå âñÿ òåððèòîðèÿ î÷èùåíà îò îêêóïàíòîâ (èíòåðâåíòîâ)
arcobaleno íàïèñàë:
[q]
Òî åñòü, áûëà ïðîáëåìà — ãîñóäàðñòâî ñòðåìèëîñü [/q]
äà ðåøàëè, êàê Àëàáèí â Ñàìàðå (20 ðàç çà 50 ëåò ïðîáëåìà âîçíèêàëà), äî ñóäà (öàðñêîãî) äîøåë, çà ãíèëîé õëåá
--- èùó!
Ëàéê (1)
Ýòà òåìà áûëà âûäåëåíà èç òåìû "Êðåñòüÿíå " (13 ÿíâàðÿ 2018 21:14)
Arcobaleno Ïñêîâ
Ñîîáùåíèé: 2783
Íà ñàéòå ñ 2010 ã.
Ðåéòèíã: 4592
Íàâåðõ ##
14 ÿíâàðÿ 2018 1:08 14 ÿíâàðÿ 2018 16:32 Kalmikov íàïèñàë:
[q]
íó åñëè ñëîâî ãîëîä íàäî[/q]
Ïðî÷èòàëà. È îïÿòü ýòî ïîäòâåðæäàåò âñå, ÷òî ÿ ãîâîðèëà ðàíåå.
Åñòü ïðîáëåìà (íåóðîæàé) -- ãîñóäàðñòâî ñòðåìèòñÿ åå ðåøèòü.
"Ïðîäîâîëüñòâåííàÿ ññóäà", "çåìñêèå àññèãíîâàíèÿ"...
Kalmikov íàïèñàë:
[q]
â 1920-21 ãîëîä áûë ñïðîâîöèðîâàí íåâèäàííîé çàñóõîé , à âîò Ñîâåòñêîé âëàñòè êàê òàêîâîé åùå ïðàêòè÷åñêè íå áûëî , íå áûëî åùå êàê òàêîâûõ è îðãàíîâ óïðàâëåíèÿ[/q]
Çàñóõà óíè÷òîæèëà îêîëî 20% ïîñåâîâ, à âñå îñòàëüíîå ñäåëàëè
ïðîäîòðÿäû , îðãàíèçîâàííûå ïî ïîñòàíîâëåíèþ ñîâåòà íàðîäíûõ êîìèññàðîâ â 1918 ãîäó â ðàìêàõ ïðîâîäèìîé áîëüøåâèêàìè
ïðîäðàçâåðñòêè .
Ïðîäîòðÿäû îðãàíèçîâûâàëèñü â ãîðîäàõ, íà çàâîäàõ è ôàáðèêàõ. Îòáèðàëè ó êðåñòüÿí ÍÅ èçëèøêè, âûãðåáàëè ÂÑÅ ïîä÷èñòóþ, îáðåêàÿ íà ëþäîåäñòâî è ãîëîäíóþ ñìåðòü.
Ïîëîâèíó îòîáðàííîãî ó êðåñòüÿí ïðîäîòðÿä÷èêè çàáèðàëè ñåáå, ïîëîâèíó ñäàâàëè ãîñóäàðñòâó.
Ýòî ïðèçíàþò è ñàìè áîëüøåâèêè, âîò ñòàòüÿ èç Áîëüøîé ñîâåòñêîé ýíöèêëîïåäèè:
Ïðîäîòðÿäû - ïðîäîâîëüñòâåííûå îòðÿäû, ñîçäàâàëèñü ïðåèìóùåñòâåííî èç ðàáî÷èõ â ïåðèîä óñòàíîâëåíèÿ Ñîâåòñêîé âëàñòè è Ãðàæäàíñêîé âîéíû 1918—20 äëÿ çàãîòîâêè è îõðàíû õëåáà è äð. ïðîäîâîëüñòâèÿ. Ïåðâûå Ï. áûëè ïîñëàíû â õëåáíûå ãóáåðíèè â
íîÿáðå 1917 Ïåòðîãðàäñêèì è Ìîñêîâñêèì âîåííî-ðåâîëþöèîííûìè êîìèòåòàìè.
Äåêðåòîì ÂÖÈÊ 27 ìàÿ 1918 ðàáî÷èå îòðÿäû ó÷ðåæäàëèñü ïðè ìåñòíûõ ïðîäîâîëüñòâåííûõ îðãàíàõ.  íèõ çà÷èñëÿëèñü äîáðîâîëüöû ïî ðåêîìåíäàöèè ñîâ. è ïàðòèéíûõ îðãàíèçàöèé.  Ï. âõîäèëà è ñåëüñêàÿ áåäíîòà. Ìíîãèå îòðÿäû îòïðàâëÿëèñü â äåðåâíþ
âîîðóæ¸ííûìè . Îíè âõîäèëè â åäèíóþ Ïðîäîâîëüñòâåííî-ðåêâèçèöèîííóþ àðìèþ Íàðêîìïðîäà ÐÑÔÑÐ (Ïðîäàðìèþ). Íàðÿäó ñ ýòèì â àâãóñòå 1918 áûëî ñîçäàíî ïðè ÂÖÑÏÑ è Íàðêîìïðîäå Âñåðîññèéñêîå öåíòðâîåíïðîäáþðî, ìåñòíûå îðãàíû êîòîðîãî íåïîñðåäñòâåííî ðóêîâîäèëè äåÿòåëüíîñòüþ Ï., íå âõîäèâøèõ â Ïðîäàðìèþ. Ê ëåòó 1918 â îáñòàíîâêå ïðîäîâîëüñòâåííîãî êðèçèñà, âûçâàííîãî îòòîðæåíèåì îò öåíòðà ñòðàíû å¸ õëåáíûõ ðàéîíîâ è óñèëèâøèõñÿ êóëàöêèõ âûñòóïëåíèé, ôîðìèðîâàíèå Ï. è ïîñûëêà èõ â äåðåâíþ ïðèîáðåëè
ìàññîâûé õàðàêòåð . Ëåòîì òîãî æå ãîäà ôîðìèðîâàëèñü çàãîòîâèòåëüíûå, óáîðî÷íûå è óáîðî÷íî-ðåêâèçèöèîííûå îòðÿäû èç ðàáî÷èõ è áåäíåéøèõ êðåñòüÿí; ïðàâî îðãàíèçàöèè èõ ïðåäîñòàâëÿëîñü íåïîñðåäñòâåííî êðóïíûì ïðîôñîþçàì, ôàáçàâêîìàì, óåçäíûì è ãîðîäñêèì Ñîâåòàì. Çàãîòîâêè ðàçðåøàëèñü ëèøü ïî òâ¸ðäûì öåíàì è
ïóò¸ì ðåêâèçèöèè õëåáà ó êóëàêîâ-ñàáîòàæíèêîâ.
Ïîëîâèíà çàãîòîâëåííîãî õëåáà ïîñòóïàëà â ðàñïîðÿæåíèå ïîñëàâøåé îòðÿä îðãàíèçàöèè, äð. ïîëîâèíà — â ôîíä Íàðêîìïðîäà . ×èñëåííîñòü Ïðîäàðìèè â íîÿáðÿ 1918 äîñòèãëà 42 òûñ. ÷åë.; Ï. Âñåðîññèéñêîãî öåíòðâîåíïðîäáþðî íàñ÷èòûâàëè 30 òûñ. ÷åë.  íà÷àëå 1919 ñ ââåäåíèåì ïðîäðàçâ¸ðñòêè (Ñì. Ïðîäðàçâ¸ðñòêà) áûë ïðèíÿò ðÿä ðåøåíèé ïî óñèëåíèþ äåÿòåëüíîñòè Ïðîäàðìèè è Ï.  1919—20 ÷èñëåííîñòü Ïðîäàðìèè êîëåáàëàñü îò 35 òûñ. äî 62 òûñ. ÷åë., à Ï. Âñåðîññèéñêîãî öåíòðâîåíïðîäáþðî íàñ÷èòûâàëè áîëåå 20 òûñ. ÷åë. Ï. ñûãðàëè òàêæå áîëüøóþ ðîëü â óáîðêå óðîæàÿ, â ïîëèòè÷åñêîì ïðîñâåùåíèè êðåñòüÿíñêîé áåäíîòû, îðãàíèçàöèè è äåÿòåëüíîñòè êîìèòåòîâ áåäíîòû (Ñì. Êîìèòåòû áåäíîòû), ïðåñå÷åíèè êóëàöêîãî ñàáîòàæà õëåáîçàãîòîâîê, ïðîâåäåíèè ïðîäðàçâ¸ðñòêè. Ñ ïåðåõîäîì ê íîâîé ýêîíîìè÷åñêîé ïîëèòèêå (Ñì. Íîâàÿ ýêîíîìè÷åñêàÿ ïîëèòèêà) â 1921 Ï. áûëè ëèêâèäèðîâàíû.
Èñòî÷íèê:
https://www.litprichal.ru/slovari/enc_sovet/507410.php Ìàðò 1922 ãîäà.
Ëåíèí.
Òîâàðèùó Ìîëîòîâó äëÿ ÷ëåíîâ Ïîëèòáþðî
Kalmikov íàïèñàë:
[q]
äà ðåøàëè, êàê Àëàáèí â Ñàìàðå (20 ðàç çà 50 ëåò ïðîáëåìà âîçíèêàëà), äî ñóäà (öàðñêîãî) äîøåë, çà ãíèëîé õëåá [/q]
Áëàãîäàðÿ Âàì ÿ ïîçíàêîìèëàñü ñ äåÿòåëüíîñòüþ Àëàáèíà è óçíàëà, êàê ìíîãî îí ñäåëàë äëÿ Ñàìàðû.
À íà ñ÷åò ãíèëîãî õëåáà, Àëàáèíà ìîæíî îáâèíèòü òîëüêî â òîì, ÷òî îí íå ïðîâåðèë ëè÷íî, êàêîãî êà÷åñòâà çåðíî ïîñòàâèë æóëèêîâàòûé êóïåö.
Êðîìå òîãî, ýòî ÷àñòíûé ñëó÷àé, à ÿ ãîâîðþ î ãîñóäàðñòâåííîé ïîëèòèêå â öåëîì.
Äàæå ñëó÷àé ñ Àëàáèíûì, êîòîðûé Âû ïðèâåëè, ãîâîðèò â ïîëüçó öàðñêîé âëàñòè, òàê êàê îíà óñòðîèëà ñóäåáíîå ðàçáèðàòåëüñòâî ïî ïîâîäó ãíèëîãî õëåáà, à íå çàìîë÷àëà ïðîáëåìó.
--- ÎÑÒÀÔÜÅÂÛ, ÄÅÍÈÑÅÍÊÎ - Êóáàíü
ÁÎÐÄÈÊÎÂÛ (ÁÎÐÄÞÃÎÂÛ) - Âîðîíåæñêàÿ ãóá
ÔÅÄÎÐÎÂÛ (ÁÎËÜØÀÊÎÂÛ) - Ïñêîâñê.ó., ä.Çàãîðüå
ËÀÊÌÀÍ, ÂÀËÈÓÑ, ËÈÑÒÅÍÈÓÑ, ÒÎËÈÀÍÄÅÐ, ÂÅÍÄÀËÈÓÑ, ÁÓËÈÕ - Ôèíëÿíäèÿ
ÃÀÐÊÓØÀ - Àáèíñêàÿ
SharaGoding Íîâè÷îê USA Ñîîáùåíèé: 2 Íà ñàéòå ñ 2026 ã. Ðåéòèíã: 2
Çäðàâñòâóéòå, ÿ èçó÷àþ èñòîðèþ ñâîèõ ïðåäêîâ è çàîäíî ðåøèëà èçó÷èòü èñòîðèþ ðåãèîíîâ, ïîêà íå âûÿñíèëà áîëüøå î ñâîèõ êîðíÿõ. Äîëæíà ïðèçíàòüñÿ, ÷òî ÿ àìåðèêàíêà è, âåðîÿòíî, ó ìåíÿ èñêàæåííîå ïðåäñòàâëåíèå î öàðñêîé Ðîññèè è ÑÑÑÐ. ß áû õîòåëà óçíàòü îá ýòèõ ïåðèîäàõ èç áîëåå íàäåæíûõ èñòî÷íèêîâ, à íå èç çàïàäíûõ. Íå ìîãëè áû âû ïîäñêàçàòü è ïîìî÷ü ìíå íàéòè êàêèå-íèáóäü êíèãè èëè àóäèîçàïèñè, âîçìîæíî, óæå ïåðåâåäåííûå íà àíãëèéñêèé èëè êîòîðûå ÿ ìîãó ïåðåâåñòè ÷åðåç «ßíäåêñ»? ß âàì î÷åíü ïðèçíàòåëüíà. Ìíå èíòåðåñíà âñÿ ðóññêàÿ èñòîðèÿ, à òàêæå èñòîðèÿ ñîñåäíèõ ðåãèîíîâ, ïîòîìó ÷òî ÿ óâåðåí, ÷òî ìîå ãåíåàëîãè÷åñêîå äðåâî ðàçâåòâëÿåòñÿ. Ìîè ïðåäêè ýìèãðèðîâàëè â ÑØÀ â 1898 ãîäó, è ìíå áû òîæå õîòåëîñü óçíàòü áîëüøå îá èõ æèçíè.
--- I am looking for my ancestors; Alexander and his son Emanuel Fridman, Friedman, Freedman (Alexander was a twin born in Ekaterinoslov or Kharkiv 1877, Emanuel Born in Riga 1898) Elizabeth Dalman, Talman, Thalman ( Born in Kaluga 1881)
secere Ñîîáùåíèé: 952
Íà ñàéòå ñ 2024 ã.
Ðåéòèíã: 902
Íàâåðõ ##
4 èþíÿ 23:24 4 èþíÿ 23:29 >> Îòâåò íà
ñîîáùåíèå ïîëüçîâàòåëÿ
SharaGoding îò 4 èþíÿ 2026 20:29
Äîáðûé äåíü.
Âàì íàâåðíîå ïîëåçíî áûëî áû íà÷àòü ïðèìåðíî ñ òàêîãî ìàòåðèàëà:
Êíèãà "Åâðåè â Ðîññèéñêîé èìïåðèè. 1772–1917. Êðàòêèé êóðñ", Àâòîð: Áóäíèöêèé Î.Â.
Ýòî ñîâðåìåííàÿ êíèãà, èçäàíà â 2025 ãîäó.
Ïîñïðàøèâàéòå íà åâðåéñêèõ ðåñóðñàõ (ôîðóìû, ñàéòû, íàïðèìåð
https://forum.j-roots.info/), ìîæåò êîëëåãè ïî ïîèñêó ïîìîãóò Âàì å¸ ïðèîáðåñòè.
https://allbestus.com/products...dL7m_m9elH Â äàííîé ñåðèè "×òî òàêîå Ðîññèÿ" åñòü êíèãà è îá æèçíè ïðè ÑÑÑÐ.
https://allbestus.com/products...=4f57af642 _______________________________
Hello,
It would probably be useful for you to start with something like this:
The book “Jews in the Russian Empire, 1772–1917: A Short Course” by O.V. Budnitsky.
This is a modern book, published in 2025.
Try asking on Jewish resources, such as forums and websites (https://forum.j-roots.info/ etc.). Perhaps fellow researchers can help you purchase it.
https://allbestus.com/products...dL7m_m9elH In this series, “What Is Russia?”, there is also a book about life in the USSR.
https://allbestus.com/products...=4f57af642 ____________________________
P.S.
valcha Âîïðîñ è îòâåò î÷åâèäíî íå ïî òåìå. Íå óâåðåíà, ãäå ýòî ëó÷øå ðàçìåñèòü, íàâåðíîå ìîæíî ïåðåêèíóòü â ôàìèëüíóþ òåìó ó÷àñòíèêà:
https://forum.vgd.ru/?t=193124 Çàðàíåå ñïàñèáî!
SharaGoding Íîâè÷îê USA Ñîîáùåíèé: 2 Íà ñàéòå ñ 2026 ã. Ðåéòèíã: 2
Hello and thank you very much for your suggestions. I will begin.
--- I am looking for my ancestors; Alexander and his son Emanuel Fridman, Friedman, Freedman (Alexander was a twin born in Ekaterinoslov or Kharkiv 1877, Emanuel Born in Riga 1898) Elizabeth Dalman, Talman, Thalman ( Born in Kaluga 1881)